Fig. 1

Opioid Prescribing by Race/Ethnicity and Guideline-Procedure Group. Mean percent differences in prescribed total morphine milligram equivalents (MME) versus non-Hispanic white group were derived from statistical models, with adjustment and propensity-score weighting for warranted covariates (see Methods section). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Above or below each bar is the calculated, absolute mean difference in total MME and, in parentheses, the mean difference in 5-mg oxycodone equivalent pills, for each racial and ethnic minority group relative to the NHW group based on unadjusted values for NHW patients. *Indicates statistically significant difference, at alpha of 0.05, in bold text. MIS, minimally invasive surgery; NHA, non-Hispanic Asian; NHB, non-Hispanic Black; NHO, non-Hispanic Other; SLNB, sentinel lymph node biopsy; TKA, total knee arthroplasty