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Table 2 Uptake of at least one skilled antenatal care visit and at least four skilled antenatal care visits, by selected characteristics, 2014 BDHS (weighted sample N = 4493)

From: Effect of unintended pregnancy on skilled antenatal care uptake in Bangladesh: analysis of national survey data

Characteristics

Prevalence (95% confidence interval)

At least one skilled antenatal care (n = 2927)

p-value

Four and more skilled antenatal care (n = 1188)

p-value

Pregnancy intention

 

p < 0.01

 

p < 0.01

 Wanted

49.3 (45.6–52.8)

 

25.9 (23.0–19.0)

 

 Mistimed

8.7 (7.8–9.7)

 

3.9 (3.2–4.8)

 

 Unwanted

5.8 (5.0–6.7)

 

1.8 (1.1–2.7)

 

Women education

 No education

5.5 (4.7–6.5)

p < 0.01

1.6 (1.0–2.6)

p < 0.01

 Primary

14.4 (13.2–15.8)

 

4.9 (4.0–5.9)

 

 Secondary

3.5 (31.9–37.4)

 

17.8 (15.7–20.1)

 

 Higher

9.2 (8.1–10.6)

 

7.3 (6.2–8.5)

 

Women age birth (years)

 

p < 0.05

 

p < 0.05

  ≤ 19

17.9 (16.1–19.8)

 

8.3 (7.0–9.8)

 

 20–34

43.3 (40.8–45.8)

 

22.2 (20.1–24.5)

 

  ≥ 35

2.6 (2.0–3.2)

 

1.1 (0.7–1.5)

 

Women’s working status

 

0.783

 

0.215

 Yes

49.7 (43.7–55.8)

 

28.1 (25.5–30.9)

 

 No

50.6 (47.4–53.7)

 

24.3 (19.2–30.2)

 

Husband educational status

 

p < 0.01

  

 No education

10.2 (9.1–11.4)

 

3.0 (2.4–3.9)

p < 0.01

 Primary education

16.7 (14.9–18.7)

 

6.5 (5.3–7.8)

 

 Secondary education

23.9 (21.9–26.1)

 

12.5 (10.1–14.4)

 

 Higher education

12.9 (11.4–14.5)

 

9.6 (8.2–11.1)

 

Husband occupation

 

p < 0.01

  

 Agricultural workers

12.2 (10.6–13.9)

 

4.4 (3.4–5.5)

p < 0.01

 Physical labourer

28.9 (26.4–31.1)

 

14.2 (12.7–15.9)

 

 Service worker

5.2 (4.3–6.2)

 

4.2 (3.3–5.2)

 

 Business person

15.8 (14.4–17.3)

 

7.7 (6.6–9.0)

 

 Others

2.0 (1.4–2.9)

 

1.1 (0.5–2.1)

 

Children ever born

  ≤ 2

47.9 (44.5–51.3)

p < 0.01

25.6 (22.9–28.6)

p < 0.01

  > 2

15.9 (14.6–17.2)

 

5.9 (5.0–7.0)

 

Exposure to mass media

 Not exposed

17.5 (15.8–19.3)

p < 0.01

5.0 (4.1–6.2)

p < 0.01

 Moderately exposed

34.3 (31.8–36.8)

 

17.6 (15.8–19.4)

 

 Highly exposed

12.0 (10.5–13.6)

 

9.0 (7.6–10.5)

 

Wealth status

 Poorest

7.7 (6.6–8.9)

p < 0.01

1.9 (1.5–2.6)

p < 0.01

 Poorer

10.6 (9.4–11.8)

 

3.4 (2.7–4.3)

 

 Middle

12.3 (11.1–13.7)

 

4.5 (3.7–5.4)

 

 Richer

15.5 (13.7–17.4)

 

8.7 (7.4–10.1)

 

 Richest

17.7 (15.5–20.2)

 

13.1 (11.1–15.3)

 

Place of residence

 Urban

20.5 (18.4–22.8)

p < 0.01

13.6 (11.8–15.6)

p < 0.01

 Rural

43.2 (40.5–46.0)

 

18.0 (15.9–20.2)

 

Region of residence

 Barishal

3.4 (2.6–4.3)

p < 0.05

1.5 (1.0–2.2)

p < 0.05

 Chattogram

14.4 (12.4–16.7)

 

6.3 (5.1–7.8)

 

 Dhaka

22.7 (20.8–24.7)

 

12.0 (10.3–14.1)

 

 Khulna

5.9 (5.1–6.8)

 

3.3 (2.6–4.2)

 

 Rajshahi

6.4 (5.5–7.5)

 

2.9 (2.3–3.8)

 

 Rangpur

6.1 (5.1–7.2)

 

3.5 (2.8–4.4)

 

 Sylhet

4.9 (3.7–6.5)

 

2.0 (1.4–3.0)

 

Community-level literacy

 

p < 0.01

 

p < 0.01

 Low (≤25%)

7.0 (5.3–9.2)

 

1.7 (1.2–2.5)

 

 Moderate (26–50%)

30.1 (26.7–33.9)

 

14.4 (12.3–16.7)

 

 High (> 50%)

26.6 (22.7–31.0)

 

15.5 (12.8–18.5)

 

Community-level poverty+

 High

5. 3 (3.4–7.3)

p < 0.01

2.7 (1.7–4.3)

p < 0.01

 Moderate

16.8 (13.8–20.3)

 

7.3 (5.9–9.1)

 

 Low

22.6 (19.6–25.8)

 

8.4 (6.9–10.3)

 

 Middle-to-richest

19.4 (16.4–22.8)

 

13.2 (10.9–15.9)

 

Community-level at least four skilled antenatal care visits

 High (> 50%)

39.1 (36.7–41.6)

p < 0.01

16.9 (15.1–18.9)

p < 0.01

 Low (≤50%)

24.7 (22.5–27.1)

 

14.7 (12.0–17.9)

 
  1. Note: +Women living in a community consisting of only women in the top three wealth quintiles were categorized as living in a “middle-to-richest” community; all other women were categorized on the basis of the proportion of household in their community in the lowest two wealth quintiles: low (25%), moderate (26–50%) and high (> 50%)