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Table 2 Diagnostic characteristics of the Point-of-care Circulating Cathodic Antigen test using Kato Katz technique as gold standard and combined gold standard in the general population and HIV-1 seropositive group before and 4 weeks after treatment

From: Sensitivity and specificity of point-of-care circulating Cathodic antigen test before and after praziquantel treatment in diagnosing Schistosoma mansoni infection in adult population co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1, North-Western Tanzania

Diagnostic test

Sensitivity

Specificity

Positive Predictive Value

Negative Predictive Value

Pre-treatment

General population

(i) Using Kato Katz technique as gold standard

POC-CCA

96.3% (95%CI:93.1–98.3)

25.4% (95%CI: 19.2–32.5)

63.8% (95%CI: 58.7–68.8)

83.3% (95%CI: 70.7–92.1)

(ii) Using combined gold standarda

POC-CCA

97.6% (95%CI:95.5–98.9)

100 (95%CI:92.1–100)

100 (95%CI:99–100)

83.3% (95%CI:70.7–92.1)

In the HIV-1 seropositive group

(i) Using Kato Katz technique as a gold standard

POC-CCA

93.3% (95%CI:68.1–99.8)

28.6% (95%CI:8.4–58.1)

58.8% (95%CI:36.6–77.9)

80% (95%CI:28.4–99.5)

(ii) Using combined gold standarda

POC-CCA

96% (95%CI:79.6–99.9)

100% (95%CI:39.8–100)

100% (95%CI:85.8–100)

80% (95%CI:28.4–99.5)

Four weeks after praziquantel treatment

In general population

(i) Using Kato Katz technique as gold standard

POC-CCA

47.8% (95%CI: 26.8–69.4)

74.7% (95%CI: 67.9–80.8)

19% (95%CI: 9.9–31.4)

92.1% (95%CI: 86.5–95.8)

(ii) Using combined gold standarda

POC-CCA

84.4% (95%CI:74.4–91.7)

100% (95%CI:97.4–100)

100% (95%CI:94.5–100)

92.1% (95%CI:86.5–95.8)

In the HIV-1 seropositive group

(i) Using Kato Katz technique as gold standard

POC-CCA

100% (95%CI:2.5–100)

63.6% (95%CI:30.8–89.1)

20% (95%CI:0.5–71.6)

100% (95%CI:59–100)

  1. POC-CCA-Point-of-Care Circulating Cathodic Antigen
  2. aInfection-positive by either egg-or-POC-CCA-positivity (assuming 100% specificity of the POC-CCA result)